5.6 Modifying Existing List Structure

You can modify the CAR and CDR contents of a cons cell with the primitives setcar and setcdr. These are destructive operations because they change existing list structure. Destructive operations should be applied only to mutable lists, that is, lists constructed via cons, list or similar operations. Lists created by quoting are part of the program and should not be changed by destructive operations. See Mutability.

Common Lisp note: Common Lisp uses functions rplaca and rplacd to alter list structure; they change structure the same way as setcar and setcdr, but the Common Lisp functions return the cons cell while setcar and setcdr return the new CAR or CDR.

• Setcar		Replacing an element in a list.
• Setcdr		Replacing part of the list backbone. This can be used to remove or add elements.
• Rearrangement		Reordering the elements in a list; combining lists.